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Questions about implementing built-in functions or polyfills can appear in frontend or JavaScript-focused interviews at large tech companies. They test understanding of language fundamentals, prototypes, and iteration behavior rather than complex algorithms.
The problem directly operates on arrays, so the primary data structure involved is the array itself. No additional structures are required since the task is simply to traverse the array and execute a callback function on each element.
The optimal approach is to iterate through the array once and invoke the provided callback function for every element. During each iteration, pass the current value, index, and original array to the callback. This keeps the implementation simple and runs in linear time.
The time complexity is O(n) because the algorithm processes each element of the array exactly once. The space complexity is O(1) since no extra memory proportional to the input size is required.
