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This approach involves directly querying the database to retrieve the second highest distinct salary. The SQL query utilizes the MAX function in a subquery to exclude the highest salary from consideration, thus efficiently targeting the second highest.
Time Complexity: O(n) - Iterating through database rows
Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant additional space
1
2#include <stdio.h>
3#include <sqlite3.h>
4
5int main() {
6 sqlite3 *db;
7 sqlite3_open("company.db", &db);
8 const char *sql = "SELECT MAX(salary) AS SecondHighestSalary FROM Employee WHERE salary < (SELECT MAX(salary) FROM Employee);";
9 // Execute SQL and handle results
10 sqlite3_close(db);
11 return 0;
12}
13This C solution uses sqlite3 to connect to a database and execute a SQL query that selects the second highest salary from the Employee table. The MAX function is used within a sub-query to find and exclude the highest salary, thereby obtaining the second highest.
This approach does not rely on SQL but instead employs language-specific paradigms, such as sorting or managing unique salary values in a list or array, to identify the second highest distinct salary.
Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Due to TreeSet insertion
Space Complexity: O(n) - Storage for unique salaries
1
2const sqlite3 = require('sqlite3').verbose
This JavaScript solution uses the sqlite3 library to retrieve salaries from the Employee table. It then utilizes ES6 Set to filter unique salaries and sorts them in descending order. The second element in the array gives us the second highest salary or 'None' if absent.