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This approach utilizes SQL LEFT JOIN to find all visits that do not have corresponding transactions and GROUP BY to count the occurrences.
Time Complexity: O(N + M), where N is the number of rows in the Visits table and M is the number of rows in the Transactions table.
Space Complexity: O(K), where K is the number of unique customer_id entries in the result set.
1using System;
2using System.Data;
3using System.Data.SQLite;
4
5class Program
6{
7 static void Main()
8 {
9 string connectionString = "Data Source=your_database.db;Version=3;";
10 using (SQLiteConnection connection = new SQLiteConnection(connectionString))
11 {
12 connection.Open();
13
14 string query = "SELECT customer_id, COUNT(visit_id) AS count_no_trans FROM Visits LEFT JOIN Transactions ON Visits.visit_id = Transactions.visit_id WHERE Transactions.transaction_id IS NULL GROUP BY customer_id;";
15 using (SQLiteCommand command = new SQLiteCommand(query, connection))
16 {
17 using (SQLiteDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader())
18 {
19 while (reader.Read())
20 {
21 Console.WriteLine($"customer_id: {reader["customer_id"]}, count_no_trans: {reader["count_no_trans"]}");
22 }
23 }
24 }
25 }
26 }
27}
This C# solution uses ADO.NET and SQLite to perform SQL operations. It opens the database connection, executes a query to find unmatched visits, and then processes the results. The method applies a LEFT JOIN, filtering, and COUNT aggregation for implementation.
This approach uses a subquery with NOT EXISTS to find all visits by customers that do not appear in the Transactions table.
Time Complexity: O(N * M), where N is the number of rows in the Visits table and M is the number of rows in the Transactions table.
Space Complexity: O(K), where K is the number of unique customer_id entries in the result set.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sqlite3.h>
void executeSQL(const std::string &query) {
sqlite3 *db;
char *zErrMsg = nullptr;
int rc;
rc = sqlite3_open("your_database.db", &db);
if(rc) {
std::cerr << "Can't open database: " << sqlite3_errmsg(db) << std::endl;
return;
}
rc = sqlite3_exec(db, query.c_str(), callback, 0, &zErrMsg);
if(rc != SQLITE_OK) {
std::cerr << "SQL error: " << zErrMsg << std::endl;
sqlite3_free(zErrMsg);
}
sqlite3_close(db);
}
int main() {
std::string query = "SELECT customer_id, COUNT(visit_id) AS count_no_trans FROM Visits WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM Transactions WHERE Visits.visit_id = Transactions.visit_id) GROUP BY customer_id;";
executeSQL(query);
return 0;
}
// Note: Make sure to implement the callback function and handle the database initialization and cleanup properly. The query provided is SQL and should be run on a SQL-compliant database like SQLite3.
In C++ using a SQLite3 database, the code opens a connection, runs a query embedding a subquery with the NOT EXISTS clause, and outputs the results. This strategy efficiently identifies visits without transactions, utilizing SQL capabilities within the C++ environment.